What to Know Before Using Glycolic Acid

Glycolic acid is a member of the alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) family. It is water-soluble and works on the surface, loosening the bonds between dead skin cells so they shed more evenly. Used thoughtfully, it supports smoother texture and a brighter look over time. Used aggressively, it compromises the barrier it is meant to improve.

What it can and cannot do

Glycolic acid is discussed for improving surface texture, softening the look of dullness, and supporting a more even tone over weeks. It is not a treatment for active, inflamed or cystic breakouts — those belong with a clinician. Expect gradual change, not an overnight transformation.

How often is enough

For most people, twice a week is plenty. If you are new to acids, start once a week in the evening and observe for a fortnight. Signs you are overdoing it include tightness, stinging on applying otherwise-tolerated products, redness, and a “waxy” shine — scale back immediately if any appear.

What not to pair it with

Avoid layering glycolic acid with other strong exfoliants or retinoids on the same night. Keep it on its own evening, follow with moisturiser, and apply sunscreen every morning. That is the entire safe-use protocol.